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majority acquisition · Scotland · Scottish Premiership

Rangers FC

49ers Enterprises / Andrew Cavenagh consortium acquisition · 30 May 2025

Buyer
49ers Enterprises / Andrew Cavenagh consortium
Seller
Existing RIFC plc major shareholders: Dave King, John Bennett, Barry Scott, Julian Wolhardt, plus partial sales by others
Stake acquired
51%
Control
Yes
Reported consideration
~€89.3m
Implied equity value
€175m
League
Scottish Premiership
Country
Scotland
Confidence
MEDIUM

Buyer profile: 49ers Enterprises / Andrew Cavenagh consortium: clubs owned, where they buy next

Transaction overview

49ers Enterprises / Andrew Cavenagh consortium acquired a 51% majority stake in Rangers FC from Existing RIFC plc major shareholders: Dave King and others, announced 30 May 2025.

Reported consideration was ~€89.3m. That implies a 100% equity value of €175m (calculated by us). Reporting placed the club's value at ~€179m. €23.8m of new capital went into the club.

Nearest pre-acquisition revenue was €103m (FY 2023/24), an equity value / revenue multiple of 1.69x.

Announced
30 May 2025
Closed
30 May 2025
Stake after transaction
51%
Status
completed
Valuation

Reported consideration

What the buyer reportedly paid for the stake

REPORTED

Implied 100% equity value

Calculated: consideration ÷ stake acquired

CALCULATED

Reported club valuation

REPORTED

Enterprise value

Only shown when debt/cash near the transaction date is established

UNAVAILABLE

Debt assumed / restructured

UNAVAILABLE

Primary capital injection

CONFIRMED

Total announced investment commitment

Commitments are not purchase price and not valuation

UNDISCLOSED
Equity value / revenue:
CALCULATED
Club at acquisition

Nearest pre-acquisition financial year: 2023/24

Revenue

FILED

Wages

FILED

EBITDA

FILED

Net debt

CALCULATED

Net income

FILED
Analyst noteWhat is known, what is uncertain, and how figures were derived

On 30 May 2025 Rangers International Football Club plc announced that a consortium led by Andrew Cavenagh and 49ers Enterprises Global Football Group had bought 51% of the company, after Scottish FA ratification on the evening of 29 May; Companies House records Cavenagh as person with significant control from 30 May 2025, so announcement and closing coincide.

Sources (16)
  1. 2025-05-30 — “Consortium led by Andrew Cavenagh and 49ers Enterprises 'has purchased a majority stake in the club, with approval from the Scottish FA'; new leadership 'committed to invest £20 million into the club at this time', subject to shareholder approval at GM on 23 June 2025; Cavenagh chairman, Marathe vice chairman; board changes listed.”

  2. 2025-05-30 — “Group led by Cavenagh 'has bought 51% of the Ibrox club'; £20m new investment via share issue; SFA approval after dual-interest discussions given 49ers Enterprises' control of Leeds United.”

  3. 2025-06-03 — “51% controlling stake; talks began October 2024; Dave King (12.96%) and John Bennett (just over 7%) sold entire holdings, consortium then bought from other investors to reach 51%; new directors Taber, Clayton, Schneur; 49ers Enterprises also owns Leeds United.”

  4. 2025-05-30 — “Describes Cavenagh 'completing his £75million Rangers takeover'; deal signed late Thursday 29 May; additional £20m via share issue at EGM 23 June.”

  5. 2025-05-30 — “ITV's Peter A Smith: club 'valued at nearly £150m' with new investors taking 51%; article derives ~£75m paid; states the £20m investment is separate from the share purchase price.”

  6. 2025-06-09 — “'Reports that the consortium paid around £75million for their 51 per cent stake are understood to be on the high side'; different prices for different sellers; consortium operates as Rangers FC LLC and will not disclose internal shareholdings; King, Bennett and Barry Scott sold in full; ~30% still held by legacy investors, Park/Gibson/Taylor >5% each; Bennett remains largest lender (mid-teens £m); SFA ratification 29 May, announced 30 May; Cavenagh 'main money man'.”

  7. 2024-10-29 — “Revenue £88,309k (2023: £83,774k); staff costs £61,190k; operational EBITDA (£224k); operating loss before player registrations (£1,988k); loss for the year (£17,170k); first-team wages/turnover 46%; at 30 June 2024 investor loans £22.1m, commercial loans £2.7m, leases £2.8m, cash £1.7m; post year-end £9.0m debt-to-equity conversion, £4.0m new debt, £8.6m equity plan.”

  8. 2024-10-29 — “Record core revenue £88.3m, total income £94.2m; net loss £17.2m; 'net borrowing is up from £16.5m to £28.4m'; £8.6m additional funding package agreed with investors.”

  9. 2025-06-11 — “PSC01: Andrew Cavenagh notified as person with significant control on 30 May 2025; PSC cessations same day for George Taylor, Julian Wolhardt, Graeme Park, John Halsted, Alastair Johnston; directors Cavenagh, Marathe, Taber, Clayton, Schneur appointed 30 May 2025; SH01 allotment 30 June 2025; re-registration plc→private 1 July 2025; later filings show Marathe and Schneur resigned as directors 27 Feb 2026 and FY2024/25 group accounts filed 7 Jan 2026.”

  10. 2025-06-23 — “Over 98% support for all resolutions; board authorised 'to issue £20 million of new shares'; club to re-register as a private company; Cavenagh: 'all that we have done by buying 51% of this club is earn the right to compete'.”

  11. 2025-06-23 — “Four resolutions passed with 98% backing including £20m investment from Cavenagh's consortium and existing shareholders, and re-registration as a private limited company; Cavenagh: '[We have] no exit plan but a growth plan'.”

  12. 2025-05-30 — “Lead legal adviser to RIFC plc on 'majority acquisition by a consortium of investors led by Andrew Cavenagh and 49ers Enterprises Global Football Group'; 51% stake; transaction 'includes a primary capital investment into Rangers by the consortium and certain existing shareholders'.”

  13. 2025-05-30 — “Consortium bought 51% 'through a new company, Rangers FC LLC'; King (12.96%) and Bennett (7.11%) bought out entirely plus two others (likely Wolhardt 6.69%); Park, Taylor, Gibson remain >5% holders; SFA rule preventing >25% purchase by owner of another club meant consortium was headed by Cavenagh; 49ers Enterprises also owns Leeds United.”

  14. 2025-03-14 — “Pre-deal shareholder register: King 12.96%, Park 11.54%, Taylor 10.22%, Gibson 9.53%, Wolhardt 9.53%, Halsted 9.53%, Bennett 7.11%; 'Marathe and the 49ers limited to a 29.9 per cent stake due to their involvement at Leeds'; talks around guaranteed future investment tied to European progression and player trading.”

  15. 2025-05-30 — “Confirms consortium led by Cavenagh and 49ers Enterprises bought majority stake; Marathe led the £170m ($215m) takeover of Leeds United in July 2023 after five years on its board and is Leeds chairman.”

  16. 2024-10-29 — “Results released to the London Stock Exchange; revenue £88.3m, total income £94.2m; 'wages overall have come down slightly to £61.2m'; net loss £17.2m.”

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